Arieanne Evans-Hill Essays (266 words) - Mali Empire, Songhai Empire

Arieanne Evans-Hill November 27, 2017 History of Art 01 Dr. Jones West African Manuscript Questions Significance of original copies to the network. How does this change with Africa's place in European history? Compositions in Timbuktu give another comprehension of West African history. Monitoring the original copies is critical to the way of life in light of the fact that preserving history and repeating what occurred in the past is the means by which the way of life makes due on the planet. African history is based on oral custom, antiquarians accept that it's not solid but rather it is a source, regardless. Timbuktu makes an interpretation of into something identifying with books. The original copies likewise rendered as apparatuses to show Islamic practices and information in the network. The data in West Africa's compositions is an extraordinary wellspring of basic information which will consistently be useful for instructing. The presence of a composition is a legay inside itself in light of the fact that significantly after a whole unique culture is a distant memory, recorded history keeps the memory alive perpetually (whenever safeguarded effectively) and gives a sound method of fin ding out about it through words. With Timbuktu having compositions and fundamentally having a long history and set up culture before European dominion, it discredits the way that Europeans made Africans better when they caught them and put them into subjection. West African and Chinese compositions can be thought about in two different ways: both are basic to their particular societies when teaching individuals about the methods of the predecessors or for China's situation, about Buddhist divine beings and their connections just as finding out about and keeping West African and Chinese social history alive right up 'til the present time.

Racism in Criminal justice system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

Bigotry in Criminal equity framework - Essay Example It is something that happens more than we notice. Numerous researchers accept that bigotry assume an increasingly significant job in focusing on and condemning procedure in the criminal equity framework and this is something which ought not occur in any nation regardless. Bigotry assumes a fundamental job before the criminal arrives at the day of condemning in the court. There are different distributions that talk on profiling and actuarial strategies which reluctantly get individuals into the framework. Despite the fact that these are two significant segments of the prejudicial demonstrations that exist inside the criminal equity framework, it doesn't really start with these organized strategies. It is the laws and wrongdoing control approaches that make segregation in the framework. It has been seen that in certain examples these laws and strategies are set for the white individuals and contrary to the dark ones. The contribution of government is likewise basic in such circumstance s. It is their obligation to complete prejudice with the criminal equity framework so every single resident could carry on with a quiet life. Government ought to likewise ensure that each resident gets equivalent rights. In this paper, a point by point conversation has been done on the racial variations in criminal equity framework alongside its antagonistic impacts to the network. ... This shows prejudice exists. As per you what ought to have been done in that circumstance? One chance was to mastermind a gathering between the police boss and other senior individuals to talk about how the newcomers to the network were influencing law authorization. It is smarter to make an endeavor to disclose the laws to the newcomers with the goal that such episodes could be maintained a strategic distance from later on. The American residents should invest in amounts of energy to impart and work out with the police to support the newcomers so they could be given appropriate training in regards to the guidelines and guidelines. This endeavor could surely create a positive change at the institutional level. It is very evident that we can never be completely liberated from racial preference. In this manner we ought to be able to recognize and address prejudice since it results the unmerited benefits of a few and forces uncalled for confinements on others. The monetary solidness of a gathering of individuals is firmly connected with bigotry and except if it is concentrated completely, a network building exertion won't arrive at its maximum capacity. Racial preference and prejudice have been ordinarily rehearsed in the U.S. by the individuals with European foundation against different gatherings, for example, African-Americans or Latinos (Silas, 10). Nonetheless, racial preference and prejudice additionally lead to strains between individuals of non-European drop, for instance the pressures between African Americans and Asian Americans. As the U.S. turns out to be increasingly assorted and the individuals everywhere throughout the globe progressively taught, we should put forth certain attempts to decrease threatening vibe which makes contrasts in our physical characteristics and different perspectives. Regardless of what culture you have a place, it is very clear that

Apathy, Lethargy, and Anhedonia in Bipolar Disorder

Apathy, Lethargy, and Anhedonia in Bipolar Disorder When my psychiatrist asked me to describe my mood, I told her it was a low, steady state of lethargy. The word lethargy didnt seem right, but I couldnt think of a more appropriate term. As we talked, she used the word apathy. I exclaimed, Thats it! Thats the word I was looking for! Its not lethargy, its apathy. These two termsâ€"along with anhedonia, which means loss of interest in pleasurable activitiesâ€"have some similarities in their meaning as used to describe symptoms of bipolar depressive episodes and clinical depression. Whats interesting is their differences. Heres a look at each word. Anhedonia The root words of anhedonia are the prefix an-, meaning without, and the Greek hedone, meaning pleasure. Thus, it means being in a state where you dont enjoy things you usually like to do. Here are some examples: In his normal mood, Michael loves to go to Los Angeles Dodgers baseball games. He even has season tickets. But during his last depressive episode, game days came and went, and Michael couldnt generate any enthusiasm for attending. Instead, he stayed home and didnt even watch the games on television.Anne loves to go shopping for clothes. When shes stable, she shops carefully, looking over and trying on many items to find the one piece thats perfect for her, whether its shoes, a dress, a top, a pair of slacks â€" whatever she wants that day.When shes hypomanic, she often splurges, buying items willy-nilly because she likes how they look. She may come home from the mall with three dresses, six tops, three pairs of shoes and two pairs of pants, plus scarves and other accessories. When the credit card bills come in, she often has problems paying them because of her reckless spending.But when she goes into bipolar depression, all that changes. Just last weekend, in a normal mood, she went shopping alone, enjoyed herself thoroughly, and came home with a sharp dress to wear to work. This weekend, a friend calls to invite her to go to a mall with two other friends. Theyll make a day of it, says the friend, shopping in the morning, having lunch together, then going to see a movie. But Anne isnt interested. She turns the invitation down and spends the day at home watching television and eating junk food.Candy is a social media freak. She spends hours on Facebook chatting with friends, posting her thoughts and updates, and linking to videos and memes. She reads everything her friends post and writes lots of comments. She plays interactive games.Then she goes into a depressive episode. She stops playing games  and posts about how bad she feels. She doesnt much care about other peoples updates and posts, and almost never comments on them. She stays offline from chat. Shes lost almost all interest in something that gives her great pleasure in normal moods. How Often Do People With Bipolar Disorder Cycle? Apathy The origin of this word is interesting. It comes from a form of the same prefix above, aâ€"meaning without, and the Greek pathos meaning emotion, feeling, suffering. Thus, apathy was originally defined as freedom from suffering. Sometime in the 18th century, the meaning changed to a sense of being without emotion or feeling: indifference, especially to matters that are important or appealing. It is broader in scope than anhedonia. Examples of apathy in depression: Lily has diabetes and needs to follow a careful diet to maintain her health. Normally she is conscientious about this and seldom has to look at the diet plan from her doctor and nutritionist  because she has it pretty well memorized.But when depressive episodes come, she becomes indifferent about her diet. Instead of having a well-balanced breakfast, shell eat a couple of slices of toast with peanut butter and honey. Shell often skip lunch and just have a hot dog or two for dinner. In between, shell snack on candy bars or other sweet treats.John has been canvassing in his town for a candidate in a local election. Hes thrown himself into it with energy and enthusiasm. An attractive and personable young man, he has been doing a good job, and snubs havent bothered himâ€"he knows thats all part of the effort.Not long before the election, his mood begins to spiral downward. He does less and less, sometimes visiting only 3 or 4 houses before quitting for the day. People are less responsive to him because of his obvious lack of commitment. What once seemed so important to him seems flat and uninteresting now. On election day, he doesnt even go to vote. Lethargy Lethargy can be a state of body or mind or both. In both cases, the core component is slowness or sluggishness. Being unusually drowsy or feeling numb mentally may also be defined as lethargy. Examples of depressive lethargy: Jane has three young children, one in first grade, one in Kindergarten, and one just a year old. While the two older children are in school (a full day for the first-grader, a half-day in the morning for the kindergartner), the youngest goes to daycare. Jane spends that time cleaning up after the kids, doing laundry, running errands, planning and cooking meals for later, etc.When shes depressed, most of these tasks remain undone. Some days she just goes back to bed. Other days she stays on the sofa. She may feel anxious about the dishes piling up in the sink or the laundry hamper overflowing, but she just doesnt have the energy to do anything about it. When she does attempt some housework, she feels so tired and sluggish that the simplest job seems like heavy labor.Aaron is normally a competent workerâ€"not brilliant, but steady, responsible and careful. During depressive episodes, however, he often finishes assignments late. Errors creep in because he doesnt proofread his workâ€"its too tedious and takes too much concentration. Co-workers notice him staring at his computer screen blankly with his hands in his lap. It isnt that he doesnt careâ€"its just that his mind seems to be working too slowly to keep up with his work. Disability Benefits for Bipolar Disorder Example of All Three Symptoms Together Diane loves to go walking and hiking in the forested hills near her home. Almost every weekend she plans an outing, sometimes with friends or her hiking club, sometimes by herself. The fresh air, the scent of the trees, and the exercise all buoy up her spirits. Taking a new trail just to see where it goes always pleases her. When she becomes depressed, the walks and hikes cease. Shes just too tired, or cant be bothered. She feels sluggish and dull (lethargy). The thought of walking just isnt appealing anymore (anhedonia). Then one weekend her hiking club galvanizes to help search in the forest for a missing child. In her normal state of mind, Diane would be at the forefront of the search, helping to organize and working tirelessly until the child was found. But today, she just doesnt even care about something most people consider critical (apathy). Someone else will find the kid, after all. She stays home, not even bothering to follow up on the search by phone.

Competency, Self, And Self Esteem - 1936 Words

Working in a group or with an organization where they have diverse individuals with different characters is an important tool that helps people determine their strength and areas of development when working with others. It helps indicate one’s level of competency, self-efficacy and self-esteem; it also helps people to measure his or her potencies. Strength I have demonstrated thus far in my placement that I can strongly relate to this assignment is open-minded. I picked this because I am open-minded enough, and this makes self-disclosure easy for me to manage when working with different individuals. Within the context of my professional learning, it is required for a Social Service Worker to build trust with their clients in order to provide competent and effective services. Sometimes last month, I cannot remember the exact day. A gentle men client in his sixtyish walked into my placement, I did not notice who he was or exactly what he wanted at first, but he eventually walke d up to my desk asking about our employment services. His name is Roger. At this time, one of the employment service worker staffs named Latoya was at her desk close to my desk since she and I share the same desk as an employment worker. That is, Roger, Latoya, and I were involved. The client in question came to me talking a lot of things about his life, how miserable he believe is life is because he could not secure a job. He mentioned how many times he has sent out resume to many job postings, but didShow MoreRelatedA Reflection On Self Esteem1054 Words   |  5 PagesSelf-esteem is a term used to describe how a person judges themselves in terms of being valued, accepted and worthy. This evaluation of one’s self is extremely important as a child moves through each stage of development. It can determine a child’s future success or failure. A positive self-esteem allows one to make gains in achievement through hard work and effort. They are prone to accepting new chal lenges and working hard to attain a goal. If they fail, they learn from their mistakes and formRead MoreSelf -Esteem and Student Success1511 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effects of Self-Esteem on Student Success Cristine Scott Central Michigan University CED 502 Student Development in Higher Education Mr. John Lalibertà © In today’s’ society, success is often measured by academic and professional achievement. Higher education provides more opportunity and freedom. Statistics verify that generally, the more highly educated have higher earnings and there is a significant difference between wages earned by employees with College degrees and those without. HigherRead MoreMy Reflective Reflection Portfolio1001 Words   |  5 Pageswork harder. Self-Esteem Self-esteem is defined as self - competence and self - Love, also known as self - affirmation. In psychology, self-esteem can be an individual s subjective perception of someone else s image, which can be excessive or unreasonable.Psychologically healthy people have a higher sense of self-esteem and consider themselves a valuable person. They feel that they are worthy to be respect and more accepting of their own inadequacies. The elements of self-esteem are securityRead MoreLeadership Abilities And Competencies Of A Leader Essay1478 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The leadership abilities and competencies of a leader are integral parts to the success and effectiveness of their performance and their team and followers. The development of these aspects of leadership is a dynamic process that includes a variety of interpersonal factors (Day, Fleenor, Atwater, Sturm, McKee, 2014). Such qualities like self-motivation is a requirement to the development of leadership skills in that â€Å"identity, meta-cognitive, and self-regulation processes are thought toRead MoreDifferences Between High Status And Low Status Children Essay1130 Words   |  5 Pagesaddresses. In that one is popular, high-status the other low-status, thus they have to learn how to work with each other as well as others in group activities and must navigate within social groups and relationships. Competency can lead a child to have high self-esteem or low self-esteem, thus enhancing or diminishing their status. â€Å"Children need to cope with new social and academic Social Relations in Middle Childhood Read MoreBusiness Management At The Ecole Des Hautes Etudes Commerciales Of Montreal946 Words   |  4 Pagesquestioning myself on that. When you have such a short meeting with someone, how can you know if a person is right for the job? Of course, the first impression can influence your choice but then, it would only be based on their appearance not on their competencies. For example, if a women walks in with dirty pink hair and smells bad but has an interesting CV, should it influence my decision in hiring that person? Wouldn’t that be discrimination? Nobody should be discriminated for a job for their global appearanceRead MoreSelf-awareness: Health Care Worker Essay1104 Words   |  5 PagesNMIH101 Self-awareness This essay will explore some of the aspects of self-awareness, with description and definition for use to the health care worker in the health care setting from various educators in all fields of health care from various aspects of evidence-based practice that involves, includes and is open to developmental learning for continuous improvement with Client-Health Care Worker outcomes. Self-awareness is the mental, psychological and physical attributes that are ingrainedRead More Maslows Theory of Human Motivation Essay1264 Words   |  6 PagesMaslow (1954) postulates that in order for one to focus his/her attention on the ultimate goal at the apex of the pyramid, self-actualization, one must first fulfill the needs at the subordinate levels. At the lowest level of the chart are the physiological needs, followed by the need for safety, the belongingness and love needs, the esteem needs, and finally culminating in self-actualization. This paper will demonstrate how various brain mechanisms work to satisfy each echelon of needs, and furtherRead MoreThe Three Competencies Of Leadership891 Words   |  4 Pagesindividuals, projects, or groups while providing effective decision making calls that revolve around a particular company, goal or people (Griffin Moorhead, 2013, p. 14). 2. What are the three competencies of leadership? †¢ The three competencies of leadership are leading the organization, leading one’s self and leading others. (Griffin Moorhead, 2013, p.15) 3. What are the three skills necessary for the process of management? †¢ The three skills necessary for the process of management are technicalRead MoreUse Of Neuroticism On Self Esteem1553 Words   |  7 Pageson Self-Esteem. Life Satisfaction is rapidly becoming a greater issue that is being researched and tested in countries all over the world. Positive levels of life satisfaction is associated with positive personal, psychological, and social predictors considered in both the future and the present. (Marcionetti Rossier). Positive life satisfaction can be a predictor for higher levels of self-esteem, greater knowledge of oneself, and a strong correlation of personality traits. â€Å"Moreover, self-esteem

Water Desalination

Desalination (also spelled desalinization) is the process of creating fresh water by removing saline (salt) from bodies of salt water. There are varying degrees of salinity in water, which affects the difficulty and expense of treatment, and the level of saline is typically measured in parts per million (ppm). The U.S. Geological Survey provides an outline of what constitutes saline water: 1,000 ppm – 3,000 ppm is low salinity, 3,000 ppm – 10,000 ppm is moderate salinity, and 10,000 ppm – 35,000 ppm is high salinity. Water that contains saline levels less than 1,000 ppm is generally considered fresh water and is safe to drink and use for household and agricultural purposes. For a reference point, typical ocean water contains about 35,000 ppm, the Great Salt Lake contains variations of 50,000 – 270,000 ppm, and the Caspian Sea contains an average of about 12,000 ppm. The more concentrated saline is in a body of water, the more energy and effort it takes to desalinize it. Desalination Processes Osmosis Reverse Osmosis There are several setbacks of reverse osmosis. The membranes are currently prone to gather too much bacteria and â€Å"clog up,† although they have improved since they were first used. The membranes deteriorate when chlorine is used to treat the bacteria. Other setbacks are the arguable water quality that reverse osmosis produces, along with the considerable pre-treatment that the salt water requires. Forward Osmosis Pressure gradient desalinating water The main setback to forward osmosis is that it has great potential, but is still fairly new to large-scale desalination and therefore needs funding and research to explore the possibilities that could improve it and reduce energy costs. Electrodialysis Thermal Desalination Multistage Flash Distillation Multiple-Effect Distillation Negatives of Desalination Fossil fuels Geography of Desalination Middle East Saudi Arabia is currently the world’s number one producer of desalinated water. They use multi-flash distillation in several large plants, providing water for many large cities, including the largest city, Riyadh, situated hundreds of miles from the coast. In the United States, the largest desalination plant is located in Tampa Bay, Florida, though it has a very small output compared to most facilities in the Middle East. Other states that are developing plans for large desalination plants include California and Texas. The United States need for desalination plants is not as severe as many other countries, but as the population continues to explode in dry, coastal areas, the need increases. Future Options of Desalination Desalination is a process primarily done in developed countries with enough money and resources. If technology continues to produce new methods and better solutions to the issues that exist today, there would be a whole new water resource for more and more countries that are facing drought, competition for water, and overpopulation. Though there are concerns in the scientific world about replacing our current overuse of water with complete reliance on seawater, it would undoubtedly be at least an option for many people struggling to survive or maintain their standard of living.

The Argument About Comparison Essay Topics

The Argument About Comparison Essay Topics The Pain of Comparison Essay Topics Prior to starting any paper, you want to get an understanding of the way to write it. The essay requires you to have good understanding about two subjects and be in a position to discuss them in fantastic detail. It's possible to restate your thesis statement and point out a number of the arguments used over the whole essay that backs it up. To compose a high-quality paper, you've got to understand how to pick your topic properly and utilize it to create a practical outline. Additionally, going through individual papers while looking for a well-written SAT essay sample is a tedious procedure, especially in the event you don't know what comprises good writing. Totally free essays in all their variety may be a great supply of selecting a paper topic for your upcoming paper. Free Comparison essay samples are offered on FreeEssayHelp with no payment or registration. Any superior essay introduction sample will probably have a robust and arguably thesis or central claim. The above mentioned compare and contrast essay topics are only a few of many topics you may decide to talk about in your essay. There are a lot of forms of essays, it is not difficult to get rid of an eye on all your writing assignments. Compare and Contrast essays may be one of the easiest kinds of essays to write. Secondly, completely free comparison contrast essays on just about any topic is easily found online. Since you may see, the topics are split between multiple categories so it would be simpler that you select one. Before you begin, it is essential to choose topics that you truly know well. It's needless to mention your topics ought to be precise and on point. In most instances, the topics you pick should be closely related. The Downside Risk of Comparison Essay Topics When writing any form of academic paper, an individual should be as specific as possible. It is possible to also order a fully written compare and contrast essay and alleviate the quantity of work you need to do. Despite the fact that you'll have different conclusions in the conclusion of each paragraph throughout the text, you also have to have a conclusion as a distinct role in the conclusion of your essay. Put simply, you should pick a topic that's narrow enough that you're able to acquire enough info to make a great paper, and broad enough that it may be comprehensively developed within the indicated word co unt. Nobody really wishes to compose an essay. The way to the perfect essay is via WritePaperFor.Me. If you're writing an essay, then take into consideration how you'll make a bigger point about both subjects being compared. Much like descriptive essay examples and other sorts of academic essays, a comparative essay can be made in various ways. In your introduction write a few sentences proving that there's a superb reason behind comparison. The first thing you should do before you get started writing is to opt for an acceptable topic to write about. Interestingly, such isn't the case with Molly and Morgan. If you're not ready, you will face a good deal of issues and difficulties, particularly with academic writing. The Basics of Comparison Essay Topics That You Can Learn From Beginning Immediately You only have to order a fantastic essay from experts with the greatest academic degrees in an assortment of fields. If so, you are going to be effective in your studies. Of course t heir anatomy differs and in many different ways they're different. The very first thing you ought to do is identify the form of compare and contrast essay which you are handling. The chief reason is they are comparison of two aspects either of the exact story or between two topics. Now that you're alert to the dangers of employing a compare and contrast essay sample, in addition to the simple fact that trying to find one is many times a time-consuming process in itself, you could be wondering whether or not a custom written essay service may help you. So as to draw a chart you should comprehend the qualities of the things to be compared. If you're in need of individual advice by means of your comparison contrast essay writing, you might contact us at any moment. When you assign compare and contrast essays, make sure that you remind your students of means to be certain they are truly comparing and contrasting both concepts. Free comparison contrast essay has many critical benefits. Firstly, it can be used free of charge.

Importance of Reading Argument Essay free essay sample

In the last 20 years, reading has declined dramatically: in every age group, race, income group, and region. When people consider whether or not reading is important, they only consider childhood reading. While it is very crucial to read with your children, adults have just as much need to continue reading past schooling age. Adults as well as children should read any chance they get because the ability to read well is essential to function in today’s society, it stimulates the human mind, and it develops the imagination and the ability to learn new things. Everything in today’s society requires reading, from reading instructions to becoming employed. Imagine trying to do something as simple as reading the directions on a medicine bottle without good reading skills. Someone could misinterpret a crucial step and become very sick or even die. This could happen very easily today considering 46% of American adults cannot understand the label on their prescription medicine (The Literacy Company). We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of Reading Argument Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Getting or keeping a job would also prove very difficult. How would you look to a possible employer if you said you didn’t have very adequate reading skills? It’s likely the job wouldn’t be yours. Even something as simple as walking or driving through the city could become extremely dangerous without sufficient reading and interpretation skills. Sometimes, the capability of reading words is not enough; you must be able to understand what is written and construe them. Having others help someone who is illiterate is an option, but it is most definitely not a very easy one. They cannot support themselves and must depend on someone else to function. It would be very challenging for them to even get a job because â€Å"Approximately 50 percent of the nations unemployed youth age 16-21 are functional illiterate, with virtually no prospects of obtaining good jobs† (The Literacy Company). Illiterate people won’t be able to help their children read. It may even end up that the child will start to teach their parent! Reading also stimulates the human mind. It gives us something to do besides watch television. Our brain is a muscle, and just like any other muscle in the body, if you do not exercise it, it turns to mush. Reading uses interpretation and comprehension unlike video games or television shows. When you are reading, you often pause to think about what you just read, or if you don’t understand a part, you can go back and read it again. When you watch television or listen to an audio book, even though the option is usually there, typically these are not paused. The average reader even spends about 1/6th of the time they spend reading actually rereading words (The Literacy Company). Stopping and thinking about things gives your mind an engaging activity and this helps improve mental health and stamina of our brains. It is actually said that â€Å"the best reading is often rereading† (Gardner 3). When reading to a child, whats a popular thing to do? Many pause and ask What do you think will happen next? inviting the child to explore their imagination and the story itself. Whether adults realize it or not, we do this ourselves when we read, always questioning what will happen next. Many people try to disagree with the importance and ability of reading on the human mind. Some people say that reading is a waste of time and we can do better things with our time. Reading is one of the most important aspects of our lives. Even if we don’t read books, we still read every day, and reading books only strengthens our reading abilities. Reading is one of the greatest things we can do with our spare time, as Joseph Addison so expertly said. â€Å"Of all the diversions of life, there is none so proper to fill up its empty spaces as the reading of useful and entertaining authors. Perhaps one of the most easily defendable arguments is the capability of reading to develop the imagination and the ab ility to learn new things. Reading can help your imagination take you anywhere or let you do anything. The more your imagination grows, the more able you are to go to new places on your own, without the help of a book. You can use a book to find out about a place, and with your newly expanded imagination, you can visualize the place and go there yourself. You can go anywhere, whether there has been an extensive book written about it or not. Who knows, you may end up coming up with your own world and having to write about it. Some also seem to object to reading often because there is always something offending people. Everything in today’s world offends someone, and that doesn’t mean we shouldn’t do or use it? A good library has lots of types of books for many different ages, but like Jo Godwi said, A truly great library contains something in it to offend everyone. With a book, you can travel anywhere you want, do anything you want, and talk to anyone you want. With good reading and comprehension skills, you can get good jobs, and function great in todays society. A book has the power to cause our minds to long for more information and want to read more. They grab the reader’s attention and use their magical abilities to make the reader believe whatever the words may be saying. Reading is one of the most important aspects of our lives, no matter your age.

A report on transport layer security (TLS) and secure shell (SSH) The WritePass Journal

A report on transport layer security (TLS) and secure shell (SSH) Introduction A report on transport layer security (TLS) and secure shell (SSH) IntroductionAn Overview of the ProtocolsSimilarities and DifferencesSSH Advantages and DisadvantagesTLS Advantages and DisadvantagesExamplesReferencesRelated Introduction Transport Layer Security (TLS) vs. Secure Shell (SSH) – A battle for security. In this modern time, individuals, businesses and organizations worry about security on a regular basis, be it online or offline, over a network computer or just with a personal computer. Security of a computer connected to the internet and within a network is very essential as people need to protect their information and data from unwanted or unauthorised access. My task here is to look into two most widely used security protocols on the internet network, these protocols are Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Secure Shell (SSH). I will be comparing these two protocols, looking into their similarities and differences, advantages and disadvantages and giving related examples where necessary. An Overview of the Protocols First and foremost what is TLS?   It is the replacement for secure socket layer (SSL) and it is a protocol that makes sure that there is privacy between a communicating application and its users on the internet.   TLS offers an end point authentications and communications privacy over the internet using encryptions. For instance, if a server and a client communicate, TLS makes sure that no one without the right authority can listen, intrude or forge any messages between them. TLS has two layers, the TLS record protocol and the TLS handshake protocol. The TLS Record Protocol is at a lower level where it is placed on top of some reliable transport protocol as Transport Control Protocol (TCP). This is needed in other to send messages in two directions, forward and backward and it also has a security property that is used to establish a reliable and private connection. The record protocol is then responsible for changing position of data between two ends of the link using the values agreed through the handshake protocol. The information that then come from the application to the TLS record protocol, are compressed and encrypted as required before they are sent to the other end. And if the other end is valid, the information is then uncompressed and decrypted before delivery. The TLS handshake protocol also uses the record protocol to send its messages during the hand shake stage. There are additional offers that are commonly overlooked which are provided by TLS, integrity guarantees and replay prevention. TLS streams communication have inbuilt controls to prevent tampering with any portion of its encrypted data. And there are other inbuilt controls to stop captured streams of TLS information from being replayed at other times. On the other hand, SSH is a protocol that determines the performance of a secure communication over a network. This has been used to replace telnet, rsh, rlogin for insecurity. Prior to any transfer taking place, the SSH client and server must first establish a secure connection. This will then allow them to share private information between each other. The SSH protocol is responsible for authentication, encryption, and the way data is transmitted over a network. â€Å"The encryption used by SSH is intended to provide confidentiality and integrity of data over an unsecured network, such as the Internet. There are two types of versions for the SSH, the first is SSH1 and the second is SSH2. Although, these two protocols are different. The SSH1 is the original protocol and it has its own shortfalls, so it is not normally recommended or in use today.   But SSH2 is the common of the two SSH protocols and is commonly used today as it is more secure and efficient than SSH1.   The SSh1 uses server and host keys to verify the networks while SSH2 uses just the host keys to verify the networks and even more, they are not compatible with each other. SSH works in the following way When a client contacts a server, they disclose the SSH protocol versions that they support. Then, they switch to a packet based protocol. When the server identifies itself to the client and provides session parameters, the client then sends the server a secret key. Both sides turn on encryption and complete server authentication. Then, a secure connection is created. Similarities and Differences Similarities In terms of similarities, one can say they provide the same level of security within any giving scenario. They both make sure that information passed about over the internet is protected with dependable encryption.   They can also make sure that the server a user connects to is the right one. The two protocols provide 128-256 bit encryption. Differences In respect to their similarities, they do have some differences as well. Most obvious is the fact that SSH uses username and password to authenticate its users which is inbuilt. While TLS â€Å"authentication is left up to the daemon receiving the connections† SSH is at the top of the model at the application layer while, TLS is able to offer security at the transport layer. SSH is connection oriented which use TCP only, and it is primarily used for shell based solutions. SSH offers number of client authentication options, TLS only uses the public key option. There are SSH components such as its connection protocol SSH-CONN. SSH-CONN provides multiple logical data channels to the applications using SSH-TRANS which TLS does not have. SSH Advantages and Disadvantages Advantages It is reliable, it is available free and also in commercial versions It never trusts the network If the network is experiencing a hostile takeover, it will only disconnect the SSH, but any decryption or connection take over is impossible. It is possible to tunnel TCP based applications through SSH, e.g., email protocols. For system administrators, SSH is a popular remote administration platform. Although, the server runs on UNIX, Linux and VMS, SSH clients can run on most platforms. â€Å"Many authentication methods including Kerberos, TIS, SecurID and RSA.Can be SOCKS5 proxy aware† Disadvantages SSH is not designed to be added into network gateways such as routers or firewalls. Performance for SSH can be a problem on old machines. Its port range and dynamic ports cannot be forwarded. A client on the Internet that uses SSH to access the Intranet can expose the Intranet by port forwarding. When a user authenticates themself on a server, it is always sent in clear text TLS Advantages and Disadvantages Advantages TLS is easy to use. Probably the most used security on the internet. TLS do not need any Operating system support. When messages are exchanged over the Internet, they are checked while transmitting from one computer to another. This feature offers reliability of the web based communication. TLS protocol stops unauthorized user access from interfering as a third party in the middle of a communication on the Internet. The third party will only take part in the communication when it has been noticed by two authorized users TLS is in use by most web browsers It is widely recognized as the secure HTTP (HTTPS) Protocol Disadvantages TLS often mistake firewalls as man in the middle attack. It is exposed to clogging over TCP Security Weakness Examples TLS can be used in many applications; client/server applications but it has mostly been used with the Hypertext Transfer Protocol â€Å"HTTP† for security. This allows it to offer an encrypted conversation and to securely identify a network web server. The added security it offers allows HTTPS to be used for all level of transaction over the internet world wide. Secure Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions SMIME when combined TLS can be used to secure IETF VoIP signalling. TLS can also be used in these following applications: PKIX, LDAP, BEEP, SASL, L2TP, SMTP, IMAP, and POP3. An example can be seen below with my home web browsers. I have two screenshots from Internet Explorer and Firefox web browsers. Internet Explorer 9  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Firefox version 3.6.15 SSH can also be used in some applications as well. SSH do have some features such as port forwarding and secure tunnelling. Port forwarding can tell the SSH daemon to listen to information conversations on a particular port and forward this conversation to an encrypted SSH session. This allows protectection for other services as well. Summary there are no magical solution for web, but good enough protocols, the real deal is that there is no better protocol,   they all have their benefits. In order to decide which one to use, one really need to understand what one is trying to secure. References I have been able to obtain and generate ideas from the following sources Books Mark Minasi, Christa Anderson, Michele Beveridge, C.A. Callahan Mastering Windows Server 2003, copyright, 2003 Sybex Inc O’Reilley. Daniel J Barrett, Richard E Silverman and Robert G Byrnes SSH, the secure shell, the definitive Guide, copyright, 2005 William Stallings. 2006 Fourth Edition Cryptography and Network Security Bill Ferguson (Sybex) Network + Fast Pass, copyright 2005 IBM TCP/IP Tutorial and Technical Overview December 2006 Internet Research Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Shell#Definition Last modified on 16 March 2011 at 10:48 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Shell#Definition Last modified on 16 March 2011 at 13:11

Uranium mining in Kakadu essays

Uranium mining in Kakadu essays The issue I am reporting on concerns the effect that uranium mining has on the Australian land that the local Aboriginal tribes own. There are many causes of this problem. One such cause is the mining companies views. They believe that they should mine the uranium because it could make huge profits for the Australian economy and because it will provide jobs for the local people. However the local Aboriginal tribes think that, while the money they are receiving as compensation from the mining companies is helping in many ways it has also disrupted their way of life and has made them forget the ways their culture is based on and around the land. In addition to these causes there is also a factor which will affect much more than the local tribes. This factor is the environmental side of the uranium mining. People believe that there is a high risk of radioactive wastes finding their way into the waterways. Especially in the Northern Territory because of the notorious wet season and its feared flood waters will bring the waste all over Australia. I have also thought of many solutions to this problem. One solution is that the mining companies should only be allowed to mine uranium on sites where there is not any local Aboriginal tribes connected to the land. The benefits of this solution are: the Aboriginal tribes will not be affected by the mining in any way and the mining companies will still make a profit for themselves and the economy. Another solution is to cease uranium mining altogether. Australia could find an alternative way to supply power. The benefits of this are: the Aboriginal tribes will not be pressured into letting their land be mined, there will be no need to fear of radioactive wastes escaping and the land will not be disrupted in any way. An alternate solution to the issue is to try and find a way to mine the uranium underground. If the mining companies could find a way to mi ...

Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 17

Case Study Example The players usually leave the portfolio companies in the form of IPOs and ensure that the companies have perfect management teams and business models that are sustainable and can stand the test of time. However, the companies will be considered to have a lower value in case they attempt to go back to the public. In general, the players were tasked with ensuring that the companies were well nurtured and became ready to be scrutinized by the public capital market after an IPO. Investment bankers will also apply their expertise in assisting the companies to go public or to make consequent. As such, they introduce the firms to the investors. The Investment banks did this by providing advisory, financial services and they helped the companies price their offerings and underwrite the shares. It was often done in the form of a road show. On the other hand, the portfolio managers also have the special role of acting on behalf of the investors. They are expected to help them buy companies that are fairly priced. This is achieved through selling companies that have become overvalued because buying or holding onto an overvalued stock will directly lead to a great loss. Sell side analysts have their own clients who include portfolio managers. Their main roles included the publishing of research belonging to public companies. As such, investors will monitor the performance of public companies objectively. This will help them to determine the suitability of the stocks as a form of investment at any particular point. Buy side analysts possess some roles similar to those of the sell side analysts. They were assigned to a particular company to conduct company research. Accountants are faced with the task of auditing the financial statements of the companies. They make sure that these companies comply with standards that have been laid down. Therefore, they act as real representatives of the true status of

Principlies of Humanities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Principlies of Humanities - Essay Example Jubal, the seventh descendant of Adam was the father of them that play upon the harp and the organs (Renehan 2). Music falls into the natural subdivisions of Uncivilized, Semi-civilized or Civilized depending on the people it is associated with. Uncivilized music is primitive in form and exists among races that have not reached the point of artistic organization (Pratt 18). Semi-civilized music falls into two distinct groups, one for people existing now for example, Chinese and Hindus and the other for ancient people for example, Hebrews and Egyptians both of whose music has a real system not relating to our own (Pratt 19). Civilized music falls into three groups marked by centuries namely, Greek and Roman, Mediaeval and Modern music (Pratt 19). This paper covers the song â€Å"Amazing Grace† by English poet turned Clergyman, John Newton. Although born to a religious mother, Newton always abandoned the Christian faith in pursuit of his own interests. At some time in his life, he commanded an English slave ship that he owned and would supply for slave trade. The song dates back to a time between 1760 and 1770 composed in Olney. Newton wrote it after experiencing a tumultuous life in slavery and brutal abuse that led to his conversion. Unpredictable events in his life included, the early death of his mother, adolescent passions, seizure by naval press gang, servitude in Africa, disaster and deliverance at sea, tales of whippings and sudden deaths, climatic religious conversion, romance, an epileptic fit, unemployment, a succession of job opportunities, failed attempts to enter the ministry and so on (Hindmarsh 2).After his experience he got to believe in God and sought Him. The song was originally a poem with its basis derived from works of the New Testament in the Bible. The first verse for example, is derived from the parable of the prodigal son. â€Å"‘My son, you are always with me, and everything I have is yours. But we had to celebrate

History of and Importance of Handwashing

History of and Importance of Handwashing Introduction Hand washing is the removal of micro-organisms from hands using running water or alcohol rub or gel (Brooker and Waugh, 2007). It is the most effective way of controlling the spread of infectious diseases in hospitals and populated areas. The skin is a vital part of the body that acts as a demarcation between internal and external environment and hence should be kept clean all the time to prevent harmful micro-organisms from entering our bodies (Merchant, 2001). These micro-organisms on the skin can either be resident or transient. Resident micro-organisms also called normal flora are harmless and provide protection against colonization by transient organisms and are not transferred from one person to the other, however they may cause problems if the skin is damaged or if the immune system is weak (Carroll, 2001). Transient micro-organisms are transferred from one person to the other and therefore are capable of spreading infections (Carroll, 2001). Hands can appear as if they are cl ean yet they are contaminated with bacteria, therefore it is always good practice to wash hands regularly. Staff members can pass infectious diseases to patients and patients can also pass diseases to staff members or other patients. Since this is a major issue the author will review hand washing as a means of reducing the spread of infections. The review looks at why hand washing is still an important matter; its historical perspectives, proper hand washing techniques, and the benefits it can bring to patients if practiced properly. The historical background of hand washing explains clearly that most health professionals are found to be the most usual transporters of the bacteria to patients, even though they know that the secret of controlling infections is proper hand hygiene. The production of hand washing liquids dates back from as early as the 19th century when in 1822, Labarraque, a French pharmacist carried out experiments to demonstrate that liquid chloride solutions could successfully eradicate the smell coming from human dead bodies (Safe Care Campaign, 2007). In 1825, Labarraque then recommended the use of these chemicals in hospitals by doctors handling people with contagious diseases in order to moisten their hands but no one followed the instructions (Safe Care Campaign, 2007). In 1846, Dr Ignaz Semmelweis did research on why the ward where medical students were working had a high rate of deaths in comparison to the ward were qualified midwives were working. The results showed that medical students who were having their lectures were rushing to the ward without washing their hands. Instead of washing their hands they were going straight to the patient in the ward. As soon as the error was fixed the death rate started to decline (Advanced Scientific Health, 2010). Recently a report was published by Pfizer limited which showed an increase in MRSA infections. It is believed that 9% of patients in hospitals in England (About 100,000 people per year) have healthcare associated Infections, many of which are due to MRSA. There are between 6,000 and 7,000 MRSA bloods stream Infections each year in patients in NHS hospitals in England. In 2005 in England and Wales, 1,629 deaths Certificates mentioned MRSA as a contributory factor; and MRSA was cited as the main cause of death in 467 of these cases (Pfizer limited, 2009). With this high rate of current MRSA cases in hospitals it is imperative that patients in hospitals, their families and their carers have the correct information avail able to them so that they know the risks of not adhering to proper hand washing techniques when they are in hospitals. Hand washing Technique The NHS is encouraging all health professionals to practice proper techniques of washing hands. It is argued that the more emphasis stressed on this message, the more effective it becomes. The technique of proper hand washing is very essential in any health care setting. The routine or social hand washing technique mainly emphasizes on thorough washing of hands using liquid soap and running water for 15 to 20 seconds without missing any part. It is recommended to use liquid soap delivered from a dispenser as compared to bar soap as the latter may be contaminated by the previous user or the surrounding atmosphere (Carroll, 2001). The diagram in figure 1 in apprentices section below shows most parts of the hands that are frequently missed during hand washing (Nazarko, n.d). These areas that are missed during hand washing may harbor micro-organisms that will then spread to other patients. There is no specific time that is recommended to wash hands. Hands are washed depending on a specif ic task. Health workers are advised to wash their hands when starting or finishing their shift. Several activities such as wound dressing are prone to bringing bacteria to patients and therefore, hand washing should be practiced regularly. Nurses must make sure that they wash their hands before and after they attend another patient and also whenever there is any contact of blood and body fluids or after removal of gloves. It is also advised to wash hands before and after eating and drinking and also after visiting the toilet (Wilson, 2006). Micro-organisms are very tiny such that they cannot be seen with a naked eye. Therefore, it is encouraged to maintain have short nails as longer ones easily accommodate micro-organisms that may be difficult to remove during hand washing. The areas under the watches, rings and bracelets also harbor millions of bacteria; therefore it is also advised not to wear these in hospitals (Gould, 2009). Nurses are also encouraged to wear short- sleeved clot hes. Technological developments have also led to the introduction of next generation ultraviolet light based training kits which are being manufactured by a company called Glowtec. These kits are used to check if the hands have been properly washed before attending to a patient (Glowtec, n.d). This form of hand washing technique is used to see a microscopic dirty surface that cannot be seen by a naked eye therefore improving the control of the infections. Hygienic Hand disinfection is another technique that is used to remove or destroy transient organisms from the skin by washing hands with an antiseptic such as chlorhexidine gluconate, iodine or triclosan for 15-30 seconds and should be carried out before aseptic procedures or during a pandemic situation (Carroll, 2001). The diagram in figure 2 of the appendices section below shows how to wash all areas of the hands to remove any visible contamination of the hands and also to effectively remove transient organisms (Nazarko, n.d) Surgical hand wash is also another technique that is used during surgery which involves the scraping or brushing of the nails with a sterile nail brush, washing hands and forearms with an antiseptic for a minimum of 2 minutes and then drying with a sterile towel (Carroll, 2001). This technique therefore removes transient organisms and reduces the levels of resident organisms. Hand drying is also another vital technique that involves using paper towels, the warm air dryer or sterile towels. This procedure is very important because micro-organisms are spread from one person to the other easily in wet conditions than in dry conditions and drying also reduces the risk of developing sore dry skin (Gould, 2009). Benefits to Patients Patients are the most vulnerable people who are supposed to be taken good care of in a health setting they benefit a lot from hand washing program. It prevents them from cross infection disease among themselves and those who are in care of them (BMJ, 2010). Hand washing is a process that brings hope and assurance to a patient. The patient is likely to recover better. But if a patient is in pain he or she is likely to develop physical or mental problems. If the patient is affected mentally he or she is prone to depression therefore it means the patient would develop infection due to stress environment. Another benefit of hand washing is short stay in hospital, which will enhance the social and economic (no loss of wages) part of a patients life. Eventually this would improve the quality life of a patient. Hand Hygiene Policy (2010) According to Hillingdon Annual Public Health Report 2004 a lot of death can be avoided by hand hygiene, especially those disease caused by MRSA and again a patient is also able to escape isolation in hospitals. Since patients with serious MRSA are sometimes isolated from other patients because of fear of infecting others. Therefore hand washing scheme enhances the well being of a patient. Conclusion Finally the best way of decreasing infectious diseases to patients is hand wash hygiene. According to one of the pioneers of hand wash Dr Semmelweis death rates in hospitals can be lessened if all health professionals follow the idea of handwash. Pathogens and bacteria that are found on hands are said to be the most dangerous causes of infectious diseases unless they are decontaminated by using proper hand technique patients would still suffer the same fate of olden days. According to my opinion hand washing has been discovered long time ago as a main factor of causing infectious diseases but up to now it is still not practiced in a proper way. If each nurse as an individual and those in care underpin the scheme of hand technique in an appropriate manner, they can be a massive change that can bring safety and trust to patients, their families, and friends and even to nurses themselves. Therefore children must be educated on how and when to wash their hands starting from the toddlers so that they can get used to the principle as they grow up. More education training is needed to all health professional on regular basis. If every step of hand washing is followed according to rules and regulations there can be a drastic change in all health care settings.

Bless Me Ultima Essay -- essays research papers

Blood becomes the river. The human race dies and only the â€Å"she-goats and the he-goats† (109) remain. The lake â€Å"cracked with laughter of madness† and the â€Å"ghosts stood and walked upon the shore†.(109) Who dares dream such gruesome images? Antonio Marez. He questions God, he communicates with the dead, the dead ask him for blessings. Just who is this Tony? Tony is only a seven year boy who lives in small town of El Puerto. But he is no ordinary boy, he is the hero of Rudolfo Anaya’s Bless Me Ultima. The novel guides you through Tony’s life. From childhood to adulthood. It tells you about the experiences Tony has in life. The difficult tasks he has to overcome. Tony being only seven years old has to go through a lot.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tony begins his story in the beginning. He does not mean the beginning of his dreams from which he learned the story of his birth and the people whom his father and mother belong to, and the story of his three brothers. He means the beginning of Ultima. Ultima is one of the most important people in Tony’s life. She is not only a curandera (healer) she is also Tony’s teacher. She guides him through his journey. A journey in which he has to find out what his destiny is. â€Å"Ultima† means â€Å"the end† for Tony Ultima is the unification between the beginning and the end. Time almost sees her as a sort of deity. Tony learns from her the names of plants, the herbs, the flowers, bushes and his appreciation for nature grows. Tony learns about the â€Å"...

Memo Report †Starbucks

As you previously requested I have worked out a memo report on; what Starbucks have done in the past, what they are doing now and how we can learn from them. It is very important to notice what competitors do when there are uncontrollable market conditions, so there can be an easier adapting process. Starbucks have 11. 000 stores worldwide, and they serve more than 40 million customers each week and even with these enormous numbers Starbucks continues to grow. The reason Starbucks is still growing is that; people loves the products that Starbucks provide, but there is more to it, Starbucks is also a very beloved brand. They have a wide product range and they are very innovative, constantly making new products to keep on being interesting. The clever thing about this is that you never get tired of the brand because it’s constantly developing itself, making it a very effective business strategy. In my opinion there is the possibility of following the example that Starbucks have set, it’s impossible to argue with the logics of a constantly extending product range that is both innovative and high quality. Starbucks meet the customer’s needs before they even know that they need it. They come up with ideas faster than most other coffee places, making it virtually impossible to criticize the depth of their product range as it is constantly expanding. An example of the creative side of Starbucks could be the new â€Å"Instant coffee† that Starbuck have just added in their product range. The product consists of a small packet of coffee that a customer can carry with them and make coffee almost everywhere, all they need is water. It would of course be a great idea to be more innovative at Cafe Nero, as it would satisfy a wider range of customers. However one must have in mind that Starbucks is a gigantic worldwide chain and therefore can afford to have whole departments only created to make new products. It is, therefore, not possible to be as innovative as Starbucks, but that shouldn’t stop us from trying. I suggest that we should look at what Starbucks have done, for example with the â€Å"Instant coffee† but while we do that we also have to remember that our brand name have to remain ours, eaning that we cannot try to copy what competitors do, but that we have to invent our own success. There is another very important aspect; the present consumer trends and the economic downturn that should not be forgotten when we consider how we can be more successful. When people become more afraid of their future economic situation they will be less likely to spend money, meaning that a very logic proposa l would be to lower the prices on our products. Coffee is becoming more and more like a culture, for some even an addiction, some people can’t even start their day before they have had their morning coffee. With this in mind, one could make the easy conclusion that there is a demand for coffee and that we could therefore raise our prices. However, I believe that both our current and future customers would appreciate a lowering of our prices, so in a short-term period it would probably lower our income, but I believe that on long-term it would make more customers and make our current customers happier and more loyal to our brand. When the economy eventually starts getting better, maybe even turning to an economic boom it would be a possibility to slowly raising our prices back to a more normal level because people feel more safe about the future and therefore will be more likely to spend money. When looking at the present consumer trends I think it’s safe to say that consumers love variation and creativity. There isn’t a very large market for regular coffee anymore; consumers want to see different products and experience different flavors. The point of this is that Starbucks adapt to this trend by constantly trying to innovate their brand with new products, but at the same time they stay true to their brand and they don’t compromise on quality; that is what made their success. These things that I have lined up are what I have found that we at Cafe Nero can learn from Starbucks, I personally believe that Starbucks is a good source of inspiration and admiration as they have succeeded in so many ways. But what we also have to remember is that we also have to stay true to ourselves and not become something that we are not. Let Starbucks be Starbucks, and let us be Cafe Nero.

Analysis Of The Movie Trainspotting - 1513 Words

The movie Trainspotting, released in the July of 1996, depicts a group of heroin addicts and their peers eking out an existence in 1980’s Edinburgh, Scotland. Based on a 1993 book of the same name by Irvine Welsh, the movie was a commercial success as well as critical one. It is ranked as the 10th best British movie of All Time by the British Film Institute in 1999 (Best 100 British Films). When the book was published Welsh was condemned for glamorizing heroin abuse, to which he responded that he was only depicting what was going on, what he knew, and who he knew. The book and the movie mirror the reality of the creation of an underclass in Edinburgh in the late 1970’s and 1980’s. Historically opiates have been a part of Edinburgh since the late 1600’s. After heroin was synthesized and began being used as a painkiller in 1894 Edinburgh became the capital of opiate production as discussed in an article from The Guardian in 2009. The article quotes Michael F ry as saying â€Å"’By the end of the 19th century,’ writes Fry, ‘Edinburgh produced most of the world s opiate drugs, heroin included.’(Edemariam and Scott)† In the 1980’s however the situation changed dramatically. Cheaper heroin from South Asia became readily available which was met with a growing receptive audience. The same outsourcing that created the US Rust Belt and condemned Detroit to become a shadow of former self was felt in Scotland as well. So when that influx of drugs came in the early 80’s it was met withShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie Trainspotting Directed By Danny Boyle989 Words   |  4 Pages The 1996 film Trainspotting, directed by Danny Boyle takes the audience on a fast ride exploring the life of Mark Renton; a struggling heroin addict. The extremely energetic film shows the audience the horror of the Scottish drug scene and the reality of how these addicts live. The life-style of these characters is fa r from funny, yet Boyle and screenplay writer John Hodge are able to lighten the situation with the use of black humour. Additionally, Boyle mixes reality with fantasy in his scenesRead MoreThe Drug Of Drug And Alcohol Abuse Essay1531 Words   |  7 PagesThe movie Trainspotting is an entertaining look into the dark world of drug and alcohol abuse. Heroin is the drug of choice for the protagonist, but other substances are also consumed throughout the film: heroin, prescription medication, opium, hash, amphetamines, and alcohol are a constant presence in the story. Repeated polysubstance abuse combined with a negative social environment and a weak support structure compounds the problems of Renton, a heroin addicted young adult man living in ScotlandRead MoreThemes Of Illusion And Reality By Bret Easton Elliss Trainspotting And American Psycho 2248 Words   |  9 Pagesunique perspectives on the issues faced by everyone, even those who do not acknowledge it. Trainspotting by Irv ine Welsh portrays a drug addict who rejects any conventions of normalcy in the pursuit of an alternate reality. American Psycho by Bret Easton Ellis does the same through the depiction of a rich and greedy Wall Street tycoon. This essay will closely analyze the themes of illusion and reality in Trainspotting and American Psycho. The relationship between the fantasy world and the â€Å"real† worldRead MoreWe Are Addicted And Our Thoughts Essay929 Words   |  4 Pagesvalues and narratives of the movie Trainspotting that takes place during the 80’s in Edinburgh, UK; a city that suffered from an economic depression causing the marginalization of the society in this area during that decade. Marginalization or psychosocial dislocation, as Canadian psychologist Bruce K. Alexander defines it, is a significant factor in the development of addiction, in this particular case the addiction to heroin. During the first minutes of the movie, the main character RentonRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 PagesStrategic and marketing analysis 2 Marketing auditing and the analysis of capability 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Learning objectives Introduction Reviewing marketing effectiveness The role of SWOT analysis Competitive advantage and the value chain Conducting effective audits Summary 3 Segmental, productivity and ratio analysis 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.12 Learning objectives Introduction The clarification of cost categories Marketing cost analysis: aims and methods An illustration